Types of Fibres

Types of Fibres

Fibres are classified into two main types: Natural Fibres and Synthetic Fibres.

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1. Natural Fibres

Natural fibres are obtained from plants and animals. They are biodegradable, comfortable, and eco-friendly.

A. Plant-Based Fibres

These fibres come from different parts of plants, such as seeds and stems.

✅ Cotton

• Source: Cotton plant (seed)

• Properties: Soft, breathable, absorbs moisture

• Uses: Clothes, bedsheets, towels

✅ Jute

• Source: Jute plant (stem)

• Properties: Strong, rough texture, biodegradable

• Uses: Gunny bags, ropes, mats

B. Animal-Based Fibres

These fibres come from the hair or secretion of animals.

✅ Wool

• Source: Sheep, goat, yak, camel

• Properties: Warm, soft, traps air to retain heat

• Uses: Sweaters, shawls, blankets

✅ Silk

• Source: Silkworm (cocoon)

• Properties: Shiny, smooth, strong

• Uses: Sarees, ties, curtains, luxury fabrics

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2. Synthetic Fibres (Brief Introduction)

Synthetic fibres are man-made fibres produced using chemical substances, mainly derived from petroleum. They are durable, lightweight, and resistant to wrinkles and shrinking.

🔹 Examples of Synthetic Fibres:

• Nylon – Used in ropes, stockings, and parachutes

• Polyester – Used in clothing, bottles, and home textiles

• Acrylic – Used as a wool substitute in sweaters and blankets

• Rayon – A semi-synthetic fibre made from wood pulp, used in dresses and upholstery

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Conclusion

Natural fibres (cotton, jute, wool, silk) are eco-friendly and comfortable, while synthetic fibres (nylon, polyester) are durable and cost-effective. Both types of fibres have their advantages and are used for different purposes in daily life.