How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?

Answer:

1. Formation in Igneous Rocks:

• Cooling and Solidification: When magma or lava cools, minerals crystallize and form within the rocks.
• Large vs. Small Crystals: Slow cooling (deep underground) forms large crystals, while rapid cooling (on the surface) forms small crystals.
• Examples: Granite contains minerals like quartz, feldspar, and mica, while basalt has pyroxene and olivine.

2. Formation in Metamorphic Rocks:

• Heat and Pressure: Minerals change under intense heat and pressure inside the Earth.
• Recrystallization: Existing minerals rearrange into new forms without melting.
• Examples: Limestone changes into marble, and shale transforms into slate.

⛏️ Igneous rocks form minerals from magma, while metamorphic rocks transform existing minerals under pressure! 🔥🌍